THE VIRGIN MARY IN THE QURAN AND ISLAM

Translated from the original by Costas Balomenos

Islam or Islamism is the religion founded by the Arab Muhammad (570 - 632 AD). The word Islam means subjection to God (Allah). Called Islam and by the word Muslim means faithful, devoted to God (Allah). Many times Islamism called Mohammedanism by its founder, Muhammad, but this is does not like to Muslims because they argue that they do not worship Muhammad who regard him as the last and greater prophet of Allah, nor consider him the center of their piety, but just follow his teaching...

His teaching this is written in their holy book which is called Quran. Literally the word Quran means reading. It is a collection of Hadith, didactic reasons. It consists of 114 chapters, Surat, which is divided into subsections, agiat. Each Surat bears a title as The Cow, The Shoals, The Bee, The Most High, etc. The chapters are not recorded as the time when - according to tradition - were revealed to Muhammad. For example the last Surats of the Quran are the first revelations made ​​in the city of Mecca whereas the first Surats constitute the subsequent revelations that made ​​in the city of Medina.

So the Quran is displayed as a text in a different style in excerpts. As for the form, the first person singular and a first person plural is assigned to Allah and the togetherness of the divine spirit, while references to the second person plural addressed to Muhammad. More about the Quran the reader can see to our article “What the Quran says about the Bible and Christians?”.

The Quran refers with great devotion to the Virgin Mary. Calls it “spotlessness virgin” 21:91, “virtuous mother of Jesus” 5:75, “pure from every spot among all women” 3:42. Also, describes the miracles related with her ​​life, such as: the election among all the women of the world, the birth, her earliest years and the conception of Jesus. She even devotes an entire surat No19 to 98 turns, entitled “Surat Maryam”. It considers Mary and Elizabeth (the mother of John the Baptist) as sisters, and recounts the birth of Jesus by the Virgin Mary in a way that fits in the culture of the desert of Arabia.  Namely recounts how she gave birth to Christ under a date palm.

The Muslims respect her and love her as the mother of the Messiah but not as “Theotokos” (Mother of God). In any case it is not difficult to call her “Our Lady, Our Lady Mariam”.

The Virgin Mary in the Quran is the standard of the man who is ready to believe and obey. Even one verse, wanting to portray the honor given by Allah to Jesus and his mother, writes that made ​​them “point of the world”, 21:91.

Before you start quoting verses and Sourats relating to the face of the Virgin Mary, we would like to note, that quote ALL sourats and verses contained in the Koran and associated with the Virgin Mary.

The text of the Quran that we will use is approved by the King Fahd complex in Saudi Arabia. The words in brackets are not in the text of the Quran but have come from the translators for his understanding.

We start verses of the Quran referring to the Virgin Mary with verse 2:87. This verse reports that Mary is the mother of Jesus who is an apostle of Allah, which has been strengthened by the Holy Spirit. The content of this subsection is the most commonly reported, also found in other parts of the Quran, which is why we believe that there is no need to expose those. But it is worth to make a simple reference to: 2:253, 5:46, 5:75, 5:78, 33:7, 43:57, 57:27, 61:6, 61:14.

87. And indeed, We gave Musa (Moses)

the Book and followed him up with a

succession of Messengers. And We gave Isa

(Jesus), the son of Maryam (Mary), clear

signs and supported him with Ruh – ul – Qudus … 2,87.

Extensive reference to the birth of Theotokos (Mother of God), her upbringing in the Church and his Annunciation for the birth of Christ, is in surah 3, entitled “Surat Imran”. The Imran is Joachim the father of Theotokos. That is written in this surah is the result of the influence Christian heretics over to Muhammad, since are not mentioned in the canonical Gospels but in the apocryphal. Can easily be shown that, because the reader can easily to compare the contents of “Surat Imran” in our article “The shape of the Virgin Mary in apocryphal Gospels” where he fined many similarities. Deserves this surah also be carefully considered the inequality of both sexes that applies to Islam, since the man is superior to woman. He writes the Koran verbatim as follows: “And in no way is equated the boy with the girl” 3:36.

35. When the wife of Imran

said: “O my lord! I have vowed to You what

is in my womb to be dedicated

for Your services so accept

this from me. Verily, You are the All – Hearer,

the All – Knowing. ”

36. Then when she gave birth to her  she said:

“O my lord! I have given birth to a female child,”

– and Allah knew better what she brought forth, –

“And the male is not like the female, and I

have named her Maryam (Mary), and I seek

refuge with You (Allah) for her and for her

offspring from Shaitan (Satan), the outcast.”

37. So her Lord (Allah) accepted her with

goodly acceptance. He made her grow in a

good manner and put her under the care of

Zakariya (Zachariya). Every time he entered

Al – Mihrab to her, he found her

supplied with sustenance. He said: “O

Maryam (Mary)! From where have you got

this? ” She said: “This is from Allah”. Verily,

Allah provides sustenance to whom He wills,

without limit.

42. And  when the angels said:

“O Maryam (Mary)! Verily, Allah has chosen

you, purified you, and chosen you above women

of the Alamin.”

43. O Mary! “Submit yourself with

obedience to your Lord (Allah) and

prostrate yourself, and Irkai

along with Ar - Rakiun”

44. This is a part of the news of the Ghaib

which We reveal to you.

You were not with them, when they cast lots

with their pens as to which of them should be

charged with the care of Maryam (Mary); nor

were you with them when they disputed.

45. When the angels said: “O

Maryam (Mary)! Verily, Allah gives you the

glad tidings of a Word from him, his name

will be the Messiah Isa (Jesus), the son of

Maryam (Mary), held in honour in this world

and in the Hereafter, and will be one of those

who are near to Allah.

46. “He will speak to the people in the

cradle and in manhood, and he will be one

of the righteous.”

47. She said: “O my lord! How shall I

have a son when no man has touched me.” He

said: “So for Allah creates what

He wills. When He has decreed something,

He says to it only: “Be! – and it is.”

48. And He (Allah) will teach him

the Book and Al – Hikmah the Taurat

(Torah) and the Injeel (Gospel).

49. And will make him (Jesus) a

Messenger to the Children of Israel …3,35 – 49.

The following verses refer to Jews who slandered the Virgin and thought that they killed Christ by crucifixion, something that did not happen after Allah took close to him.

156. And because of their (Jews)

disbelief and uttering against Maryam

a grave false charge.

157. And because of their saying

“We killed Messia Jesus, son

of Maryam, the Messenger of

Allah,” – but they killed him not,

nor crucified him, but the resemblance of

Jesus was put over another man,

and those who differ therein

are full of doubts. They have no

knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture.

For surely; they killed him not,

son of Maryam.

157. But Allah raised him up unto

Himself. And Allah is ever

All – Powerfull, All Wise. 4,156 – 158.

Very often also found in the Qur'an, that Jesus the son of Mary is neither God nor a member of a Trinity, and that we should not worship. The belief that we find in verses 4:171, 5:17, 5:72, 5:110 - 117, 9:31. From the above quote the verse 4:171.

171. O people of the Scripture!

Do not exceed the limits in

your religion, nor say of Allah aught but the

truth. The Messia Jesus, son of Maryam,

was a Messenger of Allah and his Word,

which He bestowed on Maryam and a

spirit created by Him; so believe in Allah

and his Messengers. Say not: “Three!”

Cease! Better for you. For Allah is

One God, glory be to Him above having a son.

To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and

all that is in the earth. And Allah is

All – Sufficient as a Disposer of affairs. 4,171

The surah 19, as we have said above, entitled "Surat Maryam" and describes the Annunciation of the birth of Christ, the birth of Jesus under a palm tree, the help from Allah has supplied of food and water and that when the Christ was born spoke from the cradle, another narration taken from the apocryphal gospels. In this particular surah Muhammad confuses the face of the Virgin with this Aaron’s sister Mariam, after calling the Virgin Mary as a sister of Aaron! "Oh! sister of Aaron! "19:18.

16. And mention in the Book Maryam,

when she withdrew in seclusion from

the family to a place facing East.

17. She placed a screen from them;

then We sent to her Our Ruh, and

he appeared before her in the form

of a man in all respects.

18. She said: “Verily! I seek refuge

with the Most Gracious (Allah) from

you, if you do fear Allah.”

19. Said: “I am only a messenger from

your Lord, to you the gift of a righteous son.”

20. She said: “How can I have a son,

when no man has touched me, nor am

I unchaste?”

21. He said: “So, your Lord said: That

is easy for me: And to appoint him as

a sign to mankind and a mercy from Us,

and it is a matter decreed.”

22. So, she conveiced him, and she

withdrew with him to a far place.

23. And the pains of childbirth drove

her to the trunk of a date – palm.

She said: “Would that I had died

before this, and had been forgotten

and out of sight!”

24. Then cried unto her from below her,

saying: “grieve not: your Lord has provided

a water under you.”

25. “And shake the trunk of date – palm

towards you, it will let fall fresh ripe – dates

upon you.”

26. “So eat and drink and be glad. And

if you see any human being, say: Verily!

I have vowed a fast unto the Most

Gracious so I shall not speak to any

human being this day.’

27. Then she brought him to her people,

carrying him. They said: “O Mary! Indeed

you have brought a thing Fariyy”

28. “O sister of Haryn (Aaron)! Your

father was not a man who used to

commit adultery, nor your mother

was an unchaste woman”

29. Then she pointed to him. They said:

“How can we talk to one who is a child in

the cradle?”

30. He said: “ Verily I am a slave of

Allah, He has given me the Scripture

and made me a Prophet;”

31. “And He has made me blessed

wheresover I be, and has enjoined

on me Salat, and Zakat, as long as

I live.”

32. “And dutiful to my mother, and made

me not arrogant, unblest”

33. “And Salam (peace) be upon me

the day I was born, and the day I die,

and the day I shall be raised alive!”

34. Such is Jesus, son of Maryam. A

statement of truth, about which they

doubt. 19,16 – 34

The verse 21:91 speaks of the purity of the Virgin Mary and the conception of Jesus by the Holy Spirit.

91. And she who guarded her chastity:

We breathed into her and We made her

son a sign for Al – Alamin. 21,91

Verse 23:50 says that Allah made ​​Jesus and his mother, “point the whole world” and that living in a high place that is calm and many wells with water.

50. And We made the son of Maryam

and his mother as a sign, and We gave

them refuge on high ground, a place of

rest, security and flowing streams. 23,50

And we finish with the last verse of the Qur'an that refers to the person of Mother of God. Beyond that, although the Qur'an also contains dozens Sourah reason never happened to Mary. This verse calls once more the Virgin Mary as the daughter of Imran, commends his purity and godliness, and also refers to the way the supernatural pregnancy:

12. And Maryam, the daughter of Imran

who guarded her chastity. And We

breathed into through Our Ruh, and she

testified to the truth of the Words of

her Lord and His Scriptures, and she

was of the Qanitum. 66,12

REFERENCES

Anastasios Giannoulatos: Traces of seeking of the transcendental.

Hans - Christian Huf: Hell, Heaven and Nirvana - Buddha, Jesus, Muhammad

Writer Christos Pal